Piston and connecting rod construction



R. A. LUNDELL.

PISTON AND CONNECTINGROD CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 23, 1920.

Patented July 18, 19 22.

; ATTOE rreo staresearssr GFFIQE',

ROBERT LUNDELL, OF HEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGN'ORTO INGERSOLL-RAND COMPANY,OF JERSEY'CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

, ris'ron Ann oonnno'rino R01) oons'rn'oorron.

Original application filed April s, 1918, Serial 110.22%),306. PatentNo. 1,371,701, dated March 15, 1921.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Divided and this application filed October 23, 1920. Serial No. 418,889.

To all. whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT A. LUNDELL, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of the borough of Manhattan, city,county, and State ofNew Yorlcjhave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pistonand Connecting Rod Construction, of which the following is aspecification accompanied by drawings. Q i

This invention relates to engines, but more particularly to multiplecylinder ll-type engines adapted to be operated by fluid under pressureas compressed air, for high speed rotating tools or machines.

This application is a division of my copending application, Serial No.229,306,"filed April 18, 1918, for Piston and connecting rodconstruction. I

In an engine of this type, the cylinders are ordinarily located atequalacuteangles on opposite sides of a plane passing through the axisof the crank shaft, and the axes of v the cylinders form an angle otapproximately 90 degrees 1n practice, although this angle maybe more orless than that, andbetween about 30 degrees and about 120 degrees asdesired.

The; usual method of assembling the the present instance. Particularlyin small engines, difiiculties are experienced in so sembling the parts,owing to the confined space in which to adjust the bearings and otherparts, after the pistons and connecting rods are in position in thecylinders The primary object of the present invention is to obviatethese and other disadvantages oi such methods or assembly known to thoseskilled in the art, by forming the crank shaft, connecting rods andpistons as a single unit with provision for permitting the pistons to beinserted in the cylinders longitudinally after the connecting rods havefirst been assembled in the pistons and on the same crank pin. By thismeans all of the crank, the crank pin 15 the adjustments on the pistonsand crank pin are conviently made on the bench before the pistons areplaced in the cylinders, and

furthermore the connecting rods may be provided with contlnuous bearingrings adapted to be slipped over the crank endwise instead of the usualsplit bearing sleeves orrings which are required 111 the usual methods.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which-Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through two cylinders of aif-type engine, but transverse to the axis of the crank shaft;

Figure 2 is a detail view of a piston and areal-ranged in the cylinderbody with their axes at an angle of about 90 degrees in the presentinstance, and said cylinders as shown are located at equal acute angleson opposite sides of aplane passing through the axis being indicated insection. Suitable pistons 2 are adapted to operate in thecylinders andconnecting rods 3 are suitably pivoted to said pistons and'in accordancewith this invention are adapted to be assembled on the same crank pin 15before inserting the pistons 2 into the cylinders.

;:As shown in this instance, the connecting rods 3 are provided withballs iat oneend pivotally heldwithin the sockets 6 formed inthe'portionsh of the pistons the edges of the sockets being crimped orformed over toliold theballs. The crank ends of the connecting rods 3are preferably formed with" continuous rings 8 adapted to be slippedover" the bearing sleeves 16 in assembling the unitary structurecomprising the pistons, connecting rods and crank.

In order to afford provision for assem bling the pistons in the machineafter the connecting rods have been connected to the same crank pin 15inone form of the invention, portions ofthe ball sockets 6 are cut away asindicated at 9 to allow one connecting rod 3 to rock over until ittouches or nearly touches the outer rim of the piston as indicated atthe point 17 in Figure 1. This construction permits the opposite piston2 to swing past the edge of the cylinder casting and enterits pistonbore. Indligure 1 the pistons are shown in the positionsthey assume asthey are being assembled in the cylinders, from which it Will beapparent that the connecting rods 3 have been adjusted at an angle lessthan the angle between the axes of the cylinders. Such adj ustment ispermitted because of the cutaway portions 9 of the ball sockets and bythis means either piston 2 maybe inserted in a cylinder first, and theother piston follows into the other cylinder, so

that the pistons are successively inserted in the cylinderslongitudinally after the connecting rods have been assembled in thepistons and on the sainecrank pin.

In the modification of'the invention shown in Figure 3, the clearancesare such that both pistons '10 may be started longitudinally into thecylinders 18 at substantially the same time or simultaneously inserted.Provision for such assembly is afi'ordedby beveling tae rims of thepistons as shown at the points 11 so that When these two bevels areplaced together the angle between the'connecting rods 8 is less than theangle be tween the axes of the cylinders in 18 and the pistons may besimultaneously inserted the axis of the crank shafhpistonsadapted tooperate inthe cylinders, connecting rods pivotally connected to saidpistons and adapted to be assembled onthe same crank pin beforeinserting the pistons into the rylinders and means permitting saidpistons to beinserted in the cylinders longitudinally after theconnecting rods have first specification.

been assembled in the pistons and on the crank pin. s i i 2. Amu'ltipl'ecylinder V -type fluid pressure motor, having a crank shaft and crank,cylinders located at equal acute angles on opposite sides of a planepassing through the axis'ofthe crank shaft, pistons adapted to operatein the cylinders connecting rods pivotally connected to said pistons andadapted to be assembled on the same crank pin before inserting thepistons into the cylinders, and means for adjusting the coin nectingrods at an angle less than the angle between the axes of the cylinders,to permit the pistons to be inserted in the cylinders "longitudinallyafter the connecting rods have been assembled in the the said crank pin.1 v

3. A multiplecylinder V-type fluid prespistons and on sure motor, havinga crank shaft'and crank,

cylinders located at equal acute angleson opposite sides of a planepassing through the axis of the crank shaft, pistons adapted tooperatein the cylinders, connecting rods pivotally connected to said pistonsand adapted tobeassembled on the same crank pin before inserting thepistons intolthe cylinders, and means permitting said "pistons to besuccessively inserted in the cy inders longitudinally after theconnecting rods have first been assembled in thepistons and onthe crankpin. v v

4. A multiple cylinder V-type fluid pres sure motor, having a crankshaftand crank, cylinders located at equal acute angles on opposite sides ofa plane passing through the axis of the crank shaft, pistons adapted tooperate in the cylinders, connecting rods pivotally connected to saidpistons and adapted to be assembled on the same crank pin beforeinserting the, pistons into the cylinders and means for adjusting theconnecting rods at an angle less thanthe angle between the axes ot'thecylinders, to permit the pistons to be successively inserted in thecylinders longitudinally after the connecting rods have been assembledin the pistons and on tl'iesaifd crank pin. l

in testimonyivhereo't hate signed this a ROBERT A UND'ELL.

